Favourite Rollercoaster eva!!!

Rollercoasters are exhilarating and fun
What a lot of people dont see is all the physics thats goes into bulding the coaster itself
The potential energy from the height is converted into to kinetic energy from the fall and that kinetic energy is enough to up again and gather gravitational potential energy again.
My favourite rollercoaster is definitely dragon fire because it has so many loops and twists with minimum amount of gravitational potential energy. The calculations were very good as the ride was awesome and fantastic!!!
I reccomend it to anyone who dooesnt like a lot of high drops on roller coasters like me.

Projectile motion basic (confusiiinngg!!)

Since our brain learns better through interaction or flashing thats why we did a discovery lab in class to fugure out how the 2 dimensional vector components work in real life
The horizontal or x component will have zero accelearion and constant velocity
the vertical or y component will have a initial velocity of 0 m/s and will have an acceleration of 9.8 m/s^2
so for the x component the formula would be Dx=VxTx
and the formula for the y component would usually be Dy=V1yTy+1/2at^2
if enough information is not given for one of the components then usually there is enough information for the other component and the variable found could be pluggged in the first component formula.
This way u can find out  whatever u want with projectile motions.
Hurray!!!
im still not as fast at these problems yet even though I explained fine ont his blog
I ll get better
no worries

Vectors are awesome!!!

Okay so this blog is about how to add vector components
In class, our teacher gave us a brilliant way or example of how we can break down vectors and add them!!
Are you ready *drum roll*
HE TOLD US TO BE LIKE NEO IN THE MOVIE MATRIX
confused?
it means that just like neo saw everything in binary code, we should break every component down into "x" and "y" components
so if there was a a diagonal component we should:
- find the x and y vector components
- use those to find the angle of the diagonal component
- and if there is a problem that needs to be solved then make a table and plug in the x and y values for each diagonal component and then add, subtract etc
- once you have the final x and y components then use Pythagorean theorem and tangent to find the length and angle of the final diagonal component.
Remember to have it as ___(S.I unit) [N/S___(degree)E/W]
OH one last thing
dont forget to set your positive axis
I will most likely use north and west but depending on the situation, those should be altered.

Derivation of equation 4

This blog is very similar to the previous blog except in this we get an equation with V2 in it instead of V1
So we isolate V1 this time and get V1=-a(delta)t+V2---> let call this one :(
and here comes the substitution and simplification.
d=1/2(V1+V2)(delta)t
d=1/2(-a(delta)t+V2+V2)(delta)t
d=1/2(-a(delta)+2V2)(delta)t
d=V2(delta)t-1/2a(delta)t^2


this can also come from the graph as it basically shows the area of the large rectangle subtract the area of the triangle to get the area of the trapezoid.
If you think about it that way then you realize you stupid you can be. I know thats how i felt.

Deriviation of equation 3

So this blog is about how to derive equation 3 from the two parent equations we already have.
So from a(delta)t= V2-V1 we isolate V2 to get V2=a(delta)t+V1---> we will call this :)
Now we substitute :) into another equation we already know from the graph which goes like
d=1/2(V1+V2)*(delta)t
then we get somthing like this and simplify it
d=1/2(V1+a(delta)t+V1)*(delta)t
d=1/2(2V1+a(delta)t)*(delta)t
d=V1(delta)t+1/2a(delta)t^2


So that was it.
pretty easy huh.
I know

The impossible to walk motion graphs

As you can see this is a distance time graph and its fairly simple. The object starts out at one meter away from the origin and stays for 1 second and starts moving away from the origin. Then, at 3 seconds it stays again for 3 seconds and at 6 seconds the object starts moving back towards the origin and stop at about 1.75 meters away from the origin.

Another distance time graph is shown here an it involves the basic movements like last one. Starts at 3 meters and walks towards the origin and stops and stays at 1.5 meters fro about a second and moves more closer and stays again and eventually starts moving away from it.

This is where it got hard. The velocity time graphs. The main concept was that negative velocity just meant moving in the backwards direction. This is pretty much showing that the object stayed put fro 2 second and started moving away form the origin at 0.5 m/s for 3 seconds and stopped again and started moving towards the origin at a constant velocity of 0.5 m/s

This is one of the hardest graphs there was. Now the velocity changes over a period of time so there is acceleration involved. For the first four seconds the object accelerates to a a velocity up to o.5 m/s away from the origin and then starts moving at a constant speed for two seconds and the walks towards the origin at a constant speed for 3 seconds. Then, the objects comes to a stop.

Yay!!! this stuff got easy again.
Another distance time graph.
The object starts moving away from the origin for 3.5 seconds starting from near a meter up to two meters.
The object stayed put for three seconds at 2 meters and starts moving away from the origin again till the graph ends.

Okay, so this one looks like one of the above ones but its not.
Its a velocity time graph showing an object moving away from the origin at a constant speed and then moving back towards the origin at the same constant speed and at around 6.75 seconds the object stops moving.

So those were the six graphs we walked for an in class lab and a brief description for all of them.
I know its not very accurate but hey we are not robots so we tried are best to match the default graphs. Some of which were really hard.

Glowing Energy balls that can predict future!!! Yay

So today in physics we learned about different types of circuits and we had to answer a bunch of questions on our inferences. Here we go!!


1. Can you make the energy ball work?
Yes. By adding out fingers to both ends, we conduct the electrons to complete the circuit.


2.Why do you have to touch both metal contacts to make the ball work?
So that the circuit will be complete and the current can flow through the ball.

3. Will the ball light up if you connect the contacts with any material?

The material that you use to connect the metal contacts is the vital source of whether or not the ball will light up. The material definitely cannot be insulators such as rubber, plastic, or glass, as they do not conduct electricity. If they do not conduct electricity, the circuit is not complete and thus the ball will not light up.

4. Which material will make the ball work?
 Question 3 kinda tells that metal based materials will work only. We tested this out and it indeed work for materials such as the binder rings and the bottom of the table.    

5.This ball does not work on certain individuals, what could cause this to happen?
Those certain individuals most likely have dry skin. In order for the circuit to work, one should have enough mositure in their hands so that the circuit can flow properly.

6. Can you make the energy ball work with all 5-6 individuals in your group? Will it work with the entire class?
Yes, if every member in our group has physical contact with each other's skin, and each metal contact on the ball is touched by a different person, the ball will light up. It worked with the entire class as well since it is the same circuit, except bigger or longer. Fortunately no one in our class proves question number five correct, and the electricity is transferred through every individual.

7.) What kind of circuit is formed with the energy ball?
The energy ball (with human hands) forms a simple circuit.

8) Given two balls (combine two groups): Can you create a circuit where both balls light up?
With two balls, we made a simple circuit with both balls in it, and both lit up. 

Q9. What do you think will happen if one person lets go of another person's hand and why? 
It does not connect so the circuit is opened.


10. Does it matter who lets go? Try it. 
No, it does not matter who lets go because the circuit would be opened anyway. However, if the circuit created was a parallel circuit, then it would still work as in a parallel circuit it doesnt matter if one connection is broken.


11.  Can you make a circuit with 2 energy balls, where one light up and one doesn't?
Ooh man, this one was a toughie!  Well this one can be solved by using a parallel circuit.


12. What is the minimum amount of people required to do this?
It is possible with one person if the person has amazingly flexible fingers. If not then the two people can complete this task.

Right hand rules are awesome!!!

The genius Mr.Oersted came up with brilliant right hand rules.
As stated in previous post the right hand rule shows either the direction of the current or the direction of the magnetic field if given the information of one or the other.
The right hand rule two has same conditions as right hand rule one but instead of the thumb pointing towards the current flow it points towards the north pole of the magnet and the curling fingers point toward the current flow.
Faraday also was a genius and came up with a right hand rule three and that stated if a conductor carrying current is placed between opposite poles of a magnet, a force will act on the conductor. The right hand kicks again as in order to find out which way the conductor will go, the straight fingers must point towards the direction of the magnetic lines and the thumb must point towards the direction of the current and the face of the palm will show which way the force will act upon the conductor.
those are three major rules regarding electromagnetism.

Points from pages 582-592

-A magnetic field is the distribution of a magnetic force in the region of a magnet.
-A test compass is used to map a magnetic field.
-A magnet attracts certain materials thats are not magnets. These are called ferromagnetic materials.
-Domain theory states that all large magnets are made up of many smaller and rotatable magnets, called dipoles, which can interact with other dipoles close by. If dipoles line up, then a small magnetic domain is produced.
-Oersted's principle states that charge moving through a conductor produces a circular magnetic field around the conductor.
-Oersted also came up with some basic right hand rules relating electricity and magnetism.
- Right hand rule one states that in order to find out which way the magnetic field is going, grasp the conductor with your right hand with the thumb pointing towards the direction of the conventional flow of the current and the curling fingers will indicate the direction of the magnetic field.
- Right hand rule two states that if the conductor is wrapped in a coils and the thumb of the right hand is pointing towards north, then the curling fingers will indicate the direction of the conventional current flow.

Motor principle-motor lab

The motor lab based on faraday's motor principle was conducted last class. It was a good experience overall. The best part about it was the me and my partner were proud of ourselves for being the firsts ones finished and getting the motor to work in one try. The reason it worked for us was because our brushes were installed correctly and the main part which was the coiling of the copper wire was done correctly(i.e the direction of the coil was one way only). Some groups motors did not work because either their wire was not wrapped around the cork properly or the brushes were not sanded properly and/or they were not placed in the correct position and therefore were not touching the commutator pins.

Notes from pages 553-563

• Sources of electrical energy: Voltaic cells - e.g; common dry cells batteries for portable electric devices. Piezo electricity - e.g; phonograph cartridges, barbecue spark starters. Thermoelectricity - e.g; gas appliance pilot light safety system; current keeps gas value open as long as flame is lit. Photo electricity - e.g; satellite and international space station supply, calculator power supply. Electromagnetic induction in generation - e.g; hydro, nuclear, fossil-fuel-powered electric generators.
• Amount if energy transferred depends on two things; the potential difference of the power supply and the nature of the pathway through the loads that are using the electric potential energy.
• The more difficult the path, the more oppostion there is to flow. The measure of this opposition to flow is called resistance. 
• Ohm's law: R = V/I  --> R (resistance in volts/ampere), V (difference in volts), I (resulting current in amperes)
• The resistance of a conductor depends on its length, cross-sectional area, the material it is made of and its temperature.
• The gauge number of a wire indicates its cross-sectional area. A wire that has a small gauge number has a large cross-sectional area. Similarly, a small cross-sectional has a large gauge number. 
• In a series circuit, the loads are connected one after another in a single path, whereas in a parallel circuit, they are side by side. 
• Kirchhoff's current law; the total amount of current into a junction point of a circuit equals the total current that flows out of that same junction.
• Kirchhoff's voltage law; the total of all electrical potential decreases in any complete circuit loop is equal to any potential increases in that circuit loop. 
• In any circuit, there is no net gain or lose of electric charge or energy.
• Superconductivity is the ability of a material to conduct electricity without heat loss due to electrical resistance. The promise of superconductors is transmission lines that carry electricity without energy loss.
• Three-way light bulbs, which have three different light intensity settings, have two filaments of different  resistance connected in parallel. Each filament can be turned on separately, or they can both be turned on at the same time, thus producing three different light intensities. 

Ohm's Law Pre lab

NAME-SYMBOL-UNIT-DEFINITION

Potential Difference -V- volts - the difference of electrical potential between two points
Current- I - A- a flow of electricity which results from the ordered directional movement of electrically charged particles

Resistance - R - Ω - a resistor or other circuit component that opposes the passage of an electric current
Watts- p - W - a unit corresponding to the power in an electric circuit in which the potential difference is one volt and the current one ampere

Highest Structure Challenge thoughts

- Worlds tallest buildings always have a very firm and stable base. Thats means that they have a more weight on the bottom than  the top of the structures or otherwise called as low center of gravity.
- In order to make tall structure stable, it must a wide base and good support. An example would be the CN tower; it widens towards the bottom as the four supports spread and that causes more weight. Even though the there is a large circular piece at the top, its still not as wide as its base.
- Another example would be the worlds tallest building, Burj Khalifa. It starts with what looks like a bunch of large coin stacks and as it gets taller some coin stacks stop and eventually one pile is what the highest point of the tower is. Some can even say that it looks like an ice cream cone upside down.

Pgs 544-552 points

- conductors carry charge like pipe carries water. The flow of charge is called elected current.
- the total amount of charge moving through a conductor divided by the time it takes to get past a point is how u calculate the current. It is calcated in amperes.
- a current measuring device is called an ammeter. 
- an ammeter measures the by taking energy fronthe negative wire and giving it to a load through a positive wire and finall returning back to he power source. That is also how a complete circuit works.
- an electric charge  has a certain amount of electrical potential energy.
- a voltmeter measures the difference of potential energy before and after it has been delivered to the load.
- a voltmeter is a heavy resistor so it can measure minimal current from the circuit.
- electrical energy always originates from other forms of energy.
- the conversion of other type of energy in to electrical potential energy can be done by many devices.
- instead of drawing diagrams for circuits, we use schematic drawings to easily understand where the current is going through.